Law Test #3

Hiya Law!

Attached is Test #3. Numbered answers only are due back to me by 1 p.m. Wednesday.

Let me know if you have questions while you’re working.

Faculty aren’t required to do course evaluations this semester, but, as always, I’d appreciate your feedback on the class so I can continue to change it up and make it better. Here’s the link:

http://owl.umass.edu/partners/courseEvalSurvey/uma/

It’s always a privilege to study, consume and practice the best journalism—and journalism has never been better or more important than it is today.

It’s also been a privilege to explore Journalism & Law with all of you. I look forward to staying in touch and to the time when we’ll meet again. I hope it’s soon!

All best,

k

Cameras in the Courtroom

Hiya Law,

Our focus today is on cameras in the courtroom. The short outline attached summarizes case law as it applies to cameras. Federal courts, including the Supreme Court, generally do not allow cameras except on an experimental basis, but almost all states do allow them, always at the discretion of the judge.

If a judge says no cameras, no recording, the judge means it, and violation of that order will result in a contempt charge. Watch this short video to see what happens when a reporter violates a judge’s order:

https://pressfreedomtracker.us/all-incidents/reporter-zachary-siegel-held-contempt-court-and-arrested-after-recording-trial/

You do not want to be that person!

No assignment today. Test #3 covering Privacy and Courts is one week away, so please begin reviewing your outlines, assigned articles and exercises.

Hope you’re doing well. I miss you all!

All best,

k

Cameras in the Courtroom

Tsarnaev and Weinstein Trials

Hiya Law,

We’ll continue our focus on Free Press/Fair Trial issues today. Take a look at the short outline attached that shows you how these issues can be illuminated by virtually every major trial you read about. I’ve chosen to focus here on the appeal of Dzhokar Tsarnaev, currently facing the death penalty for his part in the Boston Marathon bombing, and the recent trial of Harvey Weinstein.

After you’ve read the outline, take this brief quiz: Will You Be Seated On a Jury? 

Write a short paragraph telling me if you were seated or not—and why. What surprised you about the attorney’s responses? This should take just a few minutes. Due: 1 p.m. Tuesday, April 21st.I, of course, was rejected. As always!

Be sure you’re doing a close reading of the outlines and keeping up with all assigned articles as we move toward Test #3 on April 28.

Enjoy your weekend. Stay safe out there!

All best,

k

FP FT Guidelines in Trials

Reporters Trespassing? Check This!

Hiya Law,

According to the Associated Press, Liberty University in Lynchburg, VA, is pushing for trespass charges against journalists from the New York Times and ProPublica who were on campus covering the University’s decision to remain open during the pandemic. The University is led by Jerry Falwell Jr., a Trump supporter who has suggested that coverage of the epidemic has been overblown. Liberty is one of the few universities in the country that brought students back to campus after spring break.

Arrest warrants for the reporters have been issued, and the Lynchburg District Attorney will decide if misdemeanor charges, punishable by up to a year in jail, should be brought.

Liberty security officers earlier had approached an AP photographer who was working on a story on campus and asked him to leave and delete all of the images he’d taken:

After consulting with a supervisor, the photographer deleted the images — a decision the news organization said was wrong in retrospect.

“We don’t delete photos or any other material at the request of an individual law enforcement officer,” said Sally Buzbee, the AP’s executive editor and senior vice president. “We try to fight such orders legally.”

The Reporters Committee for Freedom of the Press (RCFP) says the actions were “intended to harass journalists who were simply, and rightly, doing their jobs.”

This is exactly what we’re talking about—and a chance to learn from the experience of reporters out there covering this story.

All best,

k

Protecting Sources

Hiya Law,

Please pay careful attention to the Supreme Court as it behaves as we predicted in class, most recently through its 5-4 decision to reject Democratic efforts to postpone voting in Wisconsin last Tuesday due to the pandemic. The majority considered it a “narrow, technical” decision that refused to extend absentee voting as per state law.

In his Wednesday story, the Times’ Adam Liptak referred to “the optics [of the vote], which were certainly ugly,” and described Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg’s “blistering dissent,” in which she wrote the majority’s reasoning “boggles the mind”:

“While I do not doubt the good faith of my colleagues,” she wrote, “the court’s order, I fear, will result in massive disenfranchisement.”

While Roberts insists the court is not political, he wrote the majority 5-4 opinion in a 2013 case “that effectively gutted the Voting Rights Act”:

Freed from the act’s constraints, states controlled by Republicans almost immediately started imposing an array of restrictions on voting, including voter ID laws, cutbacks on early voting and purges of voter registration rolls.

On the same day as the Supreme Court decision on WI voting, the WI Supreme Court struck down the Democratic Governor’s order to delay the election. The two decisions taken together meant voters stood in long lines for hours, some wearing masks, to exercise their right to vote, or stayed home, as they had been advised to do for their own safety.

How will these two decisions impact the numbers of people who were able to vote and the election’s outcome? And how will the courts handle the next questions about elections? Stay tuned.

Today’s assignment is to watch PBS Frontline’s “News War”: Part I, Sections 4, 5, 6 and 7, and Part II, Section 15.  This documentary was filmed around the time of the Valerie Plame case, when several journalists were ordered to reveal the source who leaked the identity of Plame, a secret government operative.  Pay special attention to 1) Earl Caldwell, 2) James Goodale, 3) Carl Bernstein, 4) William Safire and, finally in Part II, 5) Josh Wolf.

Your assignment is to explain in a few lines the most significant point or two made by each of these five journalists. (Goodale is an attorney, but he has the heart of a reporter.) Write a summary paragraph at the end about what you learned from this doc. This assignment (about two pages) is due by 1 p.m. next Tuesday.

Remember for Test #3 to keep up with all outlines, assigned readings, assignments and emails—all of which will be reflected on the test. And, as always, let me know if you have questions.

Have a great weekend!

All best,

k

Reporters’ Privilege to Protect Sources

Hiya Law!

This week we focus on confidential sources and what’s called the reporters’ privilege to protect them.

For today, please read the attached outline carefully, along with the required reading for April 7th, which amplifies it (List, Bosman, Peters). This should give you a solid understanding of why it’s so important for reporters to protect confidential sources and what the law has to say about it.

Also take a look at these short sketches of reporters who faced jail time for not revealing their sources. The list includes familiar names like James Risen, Judy Miller and Josh Wolf, among others. My personal favorite is Providence (RI) TV reporter Jim Taricani, who refused to reveal the FBI source who gave him a video of a city official taking a bribe. He showed tremendous courage and conviction, despite having had a heart transplant. When he died last summer, more than 60 journalists stood in an honor guard at his funeral.

There’s no written assignment today, but there will be on Thursday.

I love this topic! I wish we could discuss it sitting in a circle in our Hasbrouk Lab room. You know you loved those circles!

As Queen Elizabeth just told the British people, “We will meet again.” I know we will.

All best,

k

Reporters Privilege Outline

Intrusion – Newsgathering

Hiya Law!

Our focus today is Intrusion, invading someone’s space bodily or by electronic means. This is highly relevant material that tells you what you can and can’t do in relation to newsgathering. And I think it’s as fascinating as it is practical. The outline is attached.  Please read it closely and carefully.

Here’s a special report from the National Press Club on journalists’ rights as they’re reporting on the coronavirus. You’ll see principles from your outline embedded in this.

Here’s a cool website for you to check: Press Freedom Tracker.  This site tracks journalists attacked and arrested, legal orders, denial of access and more.

And finally, from Cassie, here is your inspiration for the day: the Notorious RBG working out with her trainer, who says:

“Everybody’s been shut down. The only reason why I didn’t shut the justice down is because, hey, she ain’t having it,” Johnson said.

Happy Weekend! Please take care! Do a couple of planks for RBG!

All best,

k

Privacy-Intrusion Newsgathering

This Week in Law: Privacy

Hiya Law,

You did a great job on Test #2—a personal best for most of you! Now our goal is to do the same on Test #3.

Our focus this week is Privacy. The outline I’ve attached covers three types of invasion of privacy, all of which require publication, which is defined as dissemination to a broad audience. (Note the difference from Libel!) Those invasions are False Light, Embarrassing Facts and Appropriation. I’ve expanded the outline to include basic information on privacy generally and each of these three invasions in particular. Please read it carefully. These outlines plus the readings will be the basis for your next test.

A great example of a recent Embarrassing Facts privacy suit is Hulk Hogan v. Gawker. One of your readings discusses the case in detail. If you have access to Netflix, I’d also recommend watching at least a small portion (minutes 43-49) of “Nobody Speak.” The first part of that documentary focuses on the Gawker case, and that particular segment shows the jury applying the Virgil Test precedent, which is discussed in the outline. It’s pretty cool to see a Journalism & Law precedent deployed in an actual courtroom!

I’ve also attached two You Be the Judge exercises—one on False Light, one on Embarrassing Facts. After a careful reading of the outline, please do both and return your responses to me by our next class (by 1 p.m. Thursday). Feel free to continue working with your groups—or you can do these on your own.

On Thursday, I’ll share with you a second Privacy outline that will cover Intrusion and some basic advice on reporting protests, etc.

In the meantime, let’s stay focused, stay together and stay well! I miss you all!

All best,

k

Privacy Outline

YBJ Em Facts Privacy

YBJ False Light Privacy

 

Going Forward in Law

Hiya Law,

I’d planned to wait until after tomorrow’s test to outline the rest of the semester, but I know some of you have questions, so I’m sending this email now. And it’s not even 1 p.m. on a T/Th!

Look at your syllabus/readings on the WordPress page: https://journalismandlaw.wordpress.com

You’ll see we have four weeks of material left to cover:

Week 10 (March 31):  Privacy

Week 11 (April 7):  Privacy II

Week 12 (April 14): Courts/Protection of Sources

Week 13 (April 21): Courts/Free Press-Fair Trial and Gag Orders

Week 14 (April 29): Test #3

Each T/Th at 1 p.m., I’ll send you an outline of the day’s material, just as I’ve done when we meet in class. You should plan to have done the related reading linked on the WordPress page by the first of each week.  Some days, I’ll include a video to watch. Some days, we’ll have “in-class” assignments to work on, which will be due by 10 p.m. the same day. For these, I encourage you to work with the same teams you’ve been working with in class. You can talk together, then email the assignment to me, copying everyone’s email so I can return feedback. Or you can do them on your own.

In other words, class will continue exactly as it has so far, except we won’t be in the same room.  This material on Privacy and the Courts is so rich and engaging that I think you’ll enjoy reading and thinking critically about it.

I’ll email you the test at 1 Thursday. It looks exactly like Test #1 except it covers Libel, Access and Copyright, and your numbered responses are due at 1 Friday.

Hang in! Stay well! Let me know if you have questions!

All best,

k

This Week in Law

Hiya Law!

I wish we were together. But we’ll try to make the most of being apart as we work our way through the last five weeks of Journalism & Law.

The best way to prepare for Thursday’s test is to review all of your outlines, the You Be the Judge in-class exercises, class emails and readings.

You Be the Judge Exercise 

The last YBJ we did in class was on Copyright’s Fair Use Test. I’ve attached it, and here is my interpretation of the case.

  1. B.I.G.’s use of the Ohio Players song was for a commercial purpose.
  2. He used only “a snippet” (a very small portion) of the song.
  3. There’s no evidence here that the market for the Players’ song was adversely affected.
  4. But B.I.G. did not transform the Players’ snippet; he just incorporated it into his work.

An appeals court would not be sympathetic to B.I.G. because of his commercial purpose and his not transforming the song, even though he used only a small portion. I’d guess the jury verdict would be upheld. Bottom line: if you’re using someone else’s work, get permission!

I’ll email you your scores individually.

Current Events

FOIA’d again: The FBI has limited public records requests during the pandemic by prohibiting email requests and instructing those who seek documents to send their requests via mail, BuzzFeed News reports.

Not that it matters because they only respond to 1% of requests anyway!

Test #2

I’ll email you Test #2 at 1 Thursday, after which the email will be posted on the WordPress page: https://journalismandlaw.wordpress.com

Return only your numbered answers to me by email. Do not return the test itself. Your responses should be short and to the point. Deadline is 1 p.m. Friday unless you make other arrangements with me. I’ll then return scores and an answer key to you.

I miss seeing you! I hope you’re keeping well!

All best,

k

Copyright YBJ